Addiction

Warning: This post may contain trigger warnings. If you are experiencing suicidal thoughts, please call the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 1-800-273-8255. Your life matters. Celebrities tend to pave the way in our society – they guide the latest trends, speak up on the latest issues and emphasize certain behavioral patterns that become integrated into our culture. Celebrities are incredibly influential – and while we don’t always know the intimate details of their lives, the work they produce can have such an incredibly important influence on us. Mental health has been more widely discussed amongst celebrities, as more and more are coming out about their own personal struggles with mental health issues and how they manage the symptoms they experience. Demi Lovato, for example, has been very open about not only her struggle with bipolar disorder (BPD), but also with her journey through addiction recovery, relapse, sobriety and more. Unfortunately, we’ve lost many amazing celebrities this past year due to mental health concerns and/or drug-related overdoses. We’d like to commemorate some of the precious souls that we lost in 2018:

Many people come to depend on opioids because they’ve been prescribed them for pain relief from a sports injury, an accident or something else. Opioids activate receptors in the brain, sending abnormal messages by flooding the brain’s reward system with dopamine (a “feel good” chemical”). When this happens, the drug blocks pain messages being sent and instead produces feelings of relaxation or euphoria for a person. For many, this euphoric feeling is what leads into the development of dependency – and, eventually, addiction. A young woman shared her story with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) on developing opioid addiction after having a car accident when she was 25 years old. The CDC stated that one day, she doubled her opioid dose – and eventually found herself becoming addicted to heroin, a place she never thought she’d be. With such a strong hold on the body, withdrawal symptoms can be challenging to work through as a person recovers. In many instances, pain will suddenly emerge as a person detoxes from opioids because the receptors in the brain have been blocked from those “pain” signals for so long. In 2017, Peter Grinspoon, MD, told Harvard Medical School that of his own experience with pain after coming off of opioids. He stated, “My leg was hurting beyond belief. I literally felt as if it were burning off. But, I had spent the last 13 years of my life conditioning myself, almost in a Clockwork Orange kind of way, to be aversive to taking any and all opiates.” These situations are exactly why it’s so critical to be surrounded by a support system – a team of healthcare professionals who can be there for you when the pain feels unbearable. In these instances, sometimes medication-assisted treatment (MAT) is necessary – and there are opioid medications that, with close monitoring and strict doses, can help a person manage the pain their experiencing without becoming addicted again. In addition to this, holistic practices – such as mindful awareness, can help those in recovery reach a state of psychological peace.

When we walk into addiction recovery, there’s already a notion that we hold of ourselves. A self-perception – and it’s this perception that weighs heavily on the way we view ourselves, others, and how we relate to society as a whole. Most commonly, those at the beginning of their recovery journey identify themselves as “an addict” – and this is probably in large part due to the way society has framed those with addiction over the years. Media tends to depict this wretched, “lost” person as an “addict”, when really that’s not the case. We’re people with families, with friends, with jobs, with our own challenges that we’ve overcome. We’re people with histories, traumas, mental health issues, health conditions and more – and the identity of “an addict” truly takes away all of the other aspects that make us human. A 2015 study published in the journal Frontiers in Psychology found that while those at the beginning of recovery hold “the addict” identifier, more time spent in recovery helps a person change their narrative – to one of recovery. Once a person starts viewing themselves as “a person in recovery”, they’re able to apply this social role to other areas of their life, such as with school, work, and home. One person shared their recovery story via the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), “In my last rehab program, life and behaviors began to change. I was liking myself again and remained in the last program, after graduation, to work helping others. I became hungry for recovery.”

Vicodin is often prescribed for pain and contains hydrocodone and acetaminophen. An opioid, Vicodin is at high risk for addiction and dependence – and it works by changing our perceptions on pain as well as our emotional responses to it. Vicodin can create feelings of euphoria for many people, which is where it brings a strong pull towards dependence. For many people, Vicodin addiction stems from their prescription they’ve been given after having a surgery; Dr. Laurence Westreich, an associate professor at New York University, told CBS News, “Some people have chronic pain and opioids feel good. They help with anxiety – a lot of people say they give a general feeling of well-being.” The opioid crisis sparked major concern amongst many people given prescription medications, but it’s not just the fact that they’re prescriptions that make drugs like Vicodin so dangerous. Oftentimes, it’s the misuse of prescription drugs that takes people towards a place of addiction. If you or a loved one have been prescribed Vicodin, keep the following tips in mind:

One individual shared their experience in college with using Xanax via The Muse. They stated, “…Doing cocaine led to taking Xanax to come down, taking Xanax led to more cocaine to wake up, and the combination led to the reintroduction of alcohol in my life.” College students are at an extremely high risk for abusing substances, and for a number of reasons. The freedom experienced during college often leads many to experiment with substances, and peer pressure can have a similar effect. Xanax has become a popular drug to use recreationally for students in college, which is generally used to treat anxiety. In 2018, Vice magazine highlighted that Xanax affects GABA receptors in the brain, “…sort of like the brakes on the brain. It calms everything down.” There are many pressures that come to college students, such as the pressure to fit in, pressure towards making good grades, achieving expectations held by family and friends, and more. Young adults are at an increased risk to use substances like Xanax during this time, especially if they feel there’s no other way to work through the symptoms their experiencing. In 2018, an individual shared on The Odyssey that Xanax is rarely ever taken “just once” by college students. Not only that, but Xanax is often mixed in with other substances, where overdose is at high risk. How can we protect young adults from abusing Xanax? A 2016 study conducted by researchers from California Polytech State University found that drug abuse prevention interventions can be effective for college students, as they influence their knowledge on these drugs, their perceptions of risk, and enhance their self-efficacy to prevent prescription drug abuse. For parents who witness their college student struggling with Xanax addiction, treatment is needed.

Addiction recovery takes a lot of hard work and dedication, and one of the hardest aspects of recovery life can be re-integrating into society. After having spent months in a rehabilitation center, it’s time to get back into the swing of things – to hold a stead position, to support a family, and to accomplish whatever goals you may have. There is a lot of hesitancy for those in recovery when it comes to finding employment, however, and it’s because of the stigma that comes with addiction recovery. A 2017 study published in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine states that national costs exceed $400 billion annually on lost productivity, absenteeism, disability and worker’s compensation related to addiction, and for many employers, these are major concerns when it comes to hiring someone who’s in recovery – they don’t want any of these issues to arise for them. Of course, you may know well in your heart that you’re going to reach your recovery goals – but how can you assure your potential employer of this? Getting a job may take some sincere effort and finding the right opportunity may take some time, but despite the stigma, employers are becoming more supportive of helping those in recovery get a second chance at rebuilding their lives.

Heroin is an opioid drug made from morphine, and it can be taken through injection, sniffing, snorting, or through smoking. It may be a white or brown powder, or a sticky substance known as “black tar heroin”. Heroin binds to opioid receptors in the brain rather quickly, which means that individuals feel the euphoric effects typically within minutes of taking the drug. The effects wear off quickly, however, so many people take the drug multiple times to continue receiving the influx of dopamine (the “feel-good” chemical in the brain). Whether you’re currently in recovery from heroin addiction or you have a loved one who is, it can be helpful to understand the short and long-term medical complications that can arise from heroin addiction.

The opioid epidemic has sparked a lot of discussion on how we can monitor prescription drug abuse, but Americans are leaning towards illicit opioids, too. For instance, many find themselves transitioning from prescription opioids to heroin because of the ease of accessibility and affordability overall. The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) estimated that 72,000 drug overdose deaths occurred in 2017; and the biggest increase in deaths was due not to prescription opioids or to heroin, but to fentanyl – a deadly, synthetic drug.

Thomas Merton, a monk, writer, theologian, mystic, poet, social activist and scholar once stated, “Art enables us to find ourselves and lose ourselves at the same time.” For centuries, people have used art as a way of communicating thoughts, ideas, and feelings. From the time we created stone carvings to now, we’ve found that artwork is a beautiful way to explore different modes of expression. Even today, one of the biggest struggles we face is communicating our emotions. We were either raised to hold our pain deep inside, or we drowned out that pain with substances or another form of addiction. Art can help us get back to that place of vulnerability – to that place of authenticity, where we can discover more of who we are and make more sense of our life experiences. Those in addiction recovery have much to gain from art therapy. In 2015, a study published in the International Journal for Research, Policy and Practice assessed 59 individuals for their mental health and addiction recovery after participating in weekly outreach sessions related to art and craft activities. Researchers found that participants improved on all areas that were assessed: Learning and Skills – art therapy truly ignites almost all of our senses. We’re touching different materials, we’re moving, and we’re learning new skills to achieve our desired outcome. Levels of confidence – when an art project is completed, those in addiction recovery often feel proud of themselves. It’s a creation that shows just how talented they are – and it’s a beautiful reminder that they have something wonderful to offer this world. Sociability – with art projects, those in recovery are able to connect with their peers as they work together on making something meaningful. Simply assessing pieces of art can inspire those in recovery to talk to one another – which could be the start of an incredible support network. A 2015 thesis titled “Colorful Recovery: Art Therapy for Substance Abuse and Addiction Treatment” highlights that art can build a sense of spiritual connection as well as reducing shame, anxiety and other painful feelings that may linger throughout treatment.

Around this time of year, Valentine’s Day can be triggering for those in addiction recovery. Billboards depict champagne and large gatherings, while television shows and commercials begin highlighting romance. For a person who is focusing on themselves and their sobriety, where do they fit in? It is for this exact reason that Valentine’s Day can become triggering – especially if those in recovery find themselves focusing on what they don’t (or can’t) have over what they do have. Relapse is a common buzzword in addiction recovery, and that’s because many people try to avoid it at all costs. Relapse occurs when a person reverts back to previous addictive behaviors – and for many, this turn of events is followed by guilt and shame. Valentine’s Day can trigger relapse for people in a number of ways:

Self-care has been quite the buzzword lately, but it’s nonetheless important because all too often, we forget to take care of ourselves on the most basic of levels. We stress, worry, ruminate, and meanwhile forget to feed our mind and bodies nutritious food, practice sleep hygiene, exercise and so much more. Valentine’s Day can be a particularly difficult holiday to get through while in addiction recovery because of the societal expectations to drink, celebrate, and indulge in romance with a significant other. If you’re in recovery this holiday season, remember that your self-care is of utmost importance. In reality, Valentine’s Day is just like any other day – and you can use this day to engage in self-care activities that are most beneficial for your mind, body and spirit.

Couples tend to face a lot of challenges the longer they’re together, as life throws different situations their way. If you’re with a significant other who has been struggling with addiction, it’s sure to cause some major challenges for you both. By recognizing some of the main obstacles you’re both facing, you will be able to work through them more effectively in couples therapy; addiction recovery can take a major toll on the relationship but by being proactive and learning about what you’re each going through during this vulnerable time, you’ll be one step ahead in healing and restoration. The American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy (AAMFT) notes that when addiction is involved, couples are often unhappy. Substance abuse tends to take more time away from the relationship, and once it becomes the reason for arguing, couples tend to see a vicious cycle appear: